Losses: Brought Forward & Carried Forward

Use previous year losses to reduce corporation tax. Learn how brought forward losses work, where to enter them, and how they offset profits.

If your company made a loss in previous years, you can use those losses to reduce this year's tax bill. This guide explains how losses work in TinyTax.

Select your company type to customise this guide:

What Are Brought Forward Losses?

When your company makes a loss, you can carry it forward to future years. These "brought forward losses" offset future profits, reducing your corporation tax.

Example:

  • 2023-24: Company made a £20,000 loss
  • 2024-25: Company made a £50,000 profit
  • Brought forward loss: £20,000
  • Taxable profit: £30,000 (£50,000 - £20,000)

Where to Enter Losses

In the Tax Computation section of the form, you'll see:

Enter the total losses from previous years that you want to use this year.

Check your previous year's CT600 Box 780 for the trading loss amount available to bring forward.
Check your previous year's CT600 Box 800 for the property loss amount available to bring forward.


How Losses Reduce Your Tax

TinyTax shows the calculation:

``` Trading profit before losses £50,000 Less: Losses brought forward -£20,000 ───────────────────────────────────────── Net trading profit (Box 165) £30,000 ```

Corporation tax is calculated on the reduced profit, saving you money.

TinyTax shows the calculation:

``` Property income (Box 170) £50,000 Less: Losses brought forward -£20,000 ───────────────────────────────────────── Adjusted property income £30,000 ```

Corporation tax is calculated on the reduced income, saving you money.


Key Box Numbers for Losses

For trading companies, these boxes relate to losses:

CT600 BoxDescription
Box 155Trading profit before losses
Box 160Losses brought forward used against trading profit
Box 165Net trading profit after losses
Box 780Current year loss (if making a loss this year)
TinyTax populates these automatically based on your entries.
For property companies, these boxes relate to losses:

CT600 BoxDescription
Box 170Total property income
Box 190Property income before losses
Box 250Property losses brought forward
Box 800Current year property loss (if making a loss this year)
TinyTax populates these automatically based on your entries.


First Year Companies

If this is your company's first accounting period, the losses field is hidden.

First year companies cannot have brought forward losses - there's no prior year to bring them from!

If you're seeing hidden loss fields but believe you should have losses, check that your accounting period dates are correct.


Partial Use of Losses

You don't have to use all your losses at once:

Example:

  • Losses available: £100,000
  • This year's profit: £30,000
  • Losses used: £30,000 (reduces profit to zero)
  • Remaining losses: £70,000 (carry forward to next year)
TinyTax calculates this automatically and shows:

FieldAmount
Losses brought forward entered£100,000
Losses applied this year£30,000
Losses to carry forward£70,000

Current Year Losses

If your company is making a loss this year:

  1. Your profit figures will show a negative number
  2. TinyTax calculates the loss automatically
  1. You'll see the loss in Box 780 (trading loss)
  1. You'll see the loss in Box 800 (property loss)
  1. Use these losses in future profitable years
You cannot:
  • Use current year losses against past profits (via TinyTax)
  • Get a tax refund for losses (special rules apply - ask an accountant)

Loss Restrictions

You can only offset losses against profit

If your profit is £30,000, you can only use £30,000 of losses - not more. The rest carries forward.

Order of application

Trading losses are applied in this order:

  1. Trading losses first (Box 160 against Box 155)
  2. Then against other income like interest (Box 285)

Property loss restrictions

Property losses can only offset:

  • Property income from the same or future years
  • Some other income (with restrictions)
Property losses cannot offset trading profits in other companies.

Group relief

If your company is part of a group, losses can sometimes be surrendered between companies. TinyTax doesn't handle group relief - speak to an accountant.


Where to Find Your Loss Figures

Check these sources for your brought forward loss amount:

  1. Last year's CT600 - Look at Box 780 (trading loss to carry forward)
  2. Your accountant's computations - Should show losses carried forward
  3. Previous TinyTax submission - Check the "Losses to carry forward" figure
  1. Last year's CT600 - Look at Box 800 (property loss to carry forward)
  2. Your accountant's computations - Should show losses carried forward
  3. Previous TinyTax submission - Check the "Losses to carry forward" figure
Only enter losses you're certain about. HMRC can query loss claims, and incorrect claims may result in penalties.


Extended Periods (>12 months)

For accounting periods longer than 12 months, TinyTax splits into two CT600s:

  1. Period 1: Uses your brought forward losses first
  2. Period 2: Uses any remaining losses, plus any losses generated in Period 1
This is handled automatically - just enter your total brought forward losses once.


Common Questions

"The losses field is hidden"

This happens when:

  • It's your company's first accounting period
  • You're filing as Dormant (no losses for dormant companies)
  • The field hasn't loaded - try refreshing the page

"I entered losses but my tax didn't change"

Check that:

  • You have profits to offset (losses can't make tax negative)
  • The figure saved correctly (check it's still showing)
  • The tax computation section updated

"How do I know what losses I have?"

Review your previous CT600 submissions. Look for Box 780 or the "losses to carry forward" section.
Review your previous CT600 submissions. Look for Box 800 or the "losses to carry forward" section.

"Can I claim losses from many years ago?"

Trading losses can generally be carried forward indefinitely (no time limit). However, very old losses may have different rules - consult an accountant for complex situations.
Property losses can be carried forward indefinitely. However, they can only offset property income (not trading profits), so they may take longer to use up.


Verification

After entering losses, check the Tax Computation shows:

  • Losses brought forward: Your entered amount
  • Losses applied: Amount used against this year's profit
  • Losses remaining: What carries forward to next year
These should all make sense given your profit level.


Loss-Making Company This Year?

If you're making a loss this year (profit is negative):

  1. Enter your P&L figures as normal (showing the loss)
  1. TinyTax calculates Box 780 (trading loss) automatically
  1. TinyTax calculates Box 800 (property loss) automatically
  1. The loss appears in "Losses to carry forward"
  2. Use it in future years when you're profitable
Even loss-making companies must file CT600. The loss is recorded and can save tax in future years.


Still Have Questions?


Last updated: December 2025

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